Which playwright was inspired by Samuel Beckett, Antonin Artaud, and Bertolt Brecht?

The correct choice is Gao Xingjian, who was indeed influenced by the pioneering works of Samuel Beckett, Antonin Artaud, and Bertolt Brecht. These playwrights significantly shaped modern theater through their innovative approaches.

Gao's works often reflect the introspective and existential qualities found in Beckett's plays, while also engaging with the theatrical innovations of Artaud's surrealism and Brecht's epic theater techniques. These influences are evident in Gao's emphasis on individual experience and the exploration of existential themes, merging the philosophical with the theatrical.

The other playwrights listed, such as Lope de Vega and Calderón de la Barca, were prominent figures of the Spanish Golden Age. While they were influential in shaping dramatic literature, their styles and thematic focuses differ significantly from the avant-garde tendencies characteristic of Beckett, Artaud, and Brecht. Similarly, Eugene Ionesco, while a key figure in the Theatre of the Absurd like Beckett, does not draw as directly from the specific influences of both Artaud's and Brecht's styles to the extent that Gao Xingjian does.