What are considered externals in performing arts?

In performing arts, externals refer to the tangible elements and environmental factors that actors utilize during a performance. These include props, costumes, set design, lighting, and sound effects, which help to create the world in which the story unfolds. Understanding externals is crucial for actors as they interact with their physical surroundings to enhance their performance and convey the narrative.

The other options revolve around internal or relational aspects of theatre. Actors' inner thoughts are considered internal elements that contribute to character development but do not fall under externals. Audience reactions are significant in shaping performances, yet they represent a response to the performance rather than being part of the performative environment itself. Lastly, while directors play a vital role in shaping a production, their work pertains to the overall vision and direction of the piece, rather than the physical elements that actors directly engage with on stage.